• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell unit (10), composed of at least two fuel cells (12,14) and an interconnection unit (16), connecting in series the two cells (12, 14). The interconnection unit (16) has at least two layers (18, 20) made of different materials.
    公开号:FR3024289A1
    申请号:FR1557177
    申请日:2015-07-28
    公开日:2016-01-29
    发明作者:Piero Lupetin；Andre Moc
    申请人:Robert Bosch GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell unit, composed of at least two fuel cells and an interconnection unit, connecting the two cells in series. . STATE OF THE ART A fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell unit composed of a set of cells is already known. The fuel cells are connected in series by an interconnection unit made of a single material. DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION The subject of the present invention is a fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell unit composed of at least two fuel cells and an interconnection unit, connecting in series the two cells, the device being characterized in that the interconnection unit comprises at least two layers made of different materials. The term "fuel cell device" refers to a mobile or stationary device for obtaining electrical and / or thermal energy using at least one fuel cell unit. A fuel cell unit is a unit consisting of a set of fuel cells connected to transform at least some chemical energy such as that of a combustion gas including hydrogen and / or carbon monoxide and at least one oxidation agent, in particular oxygen, for obtaining electrical energy. The fuel cells are preferably solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC cell). The term "intended for" used in some cases indicates that it is a function or device specifically designed to perform a certain function, especially in a state of application and / or operation. . An interconnection unit makes it possible in the present context to provide an electrically conductive connection between at least two fuel cells in order to be able to connect the two cells in series. The interconnection unit is made of different materials in the form of layers. In particular, the materials of the interconnection unit 30 have complementary and / or functionally complementary properties, particularly with regard to conductivity and / or behavior or sintering. Preferably, the materials of the interconnection unit each have a Perovskite structure. With this embodiment, the fuel cell device according to the invention will provide better operating conditions. In particular, thanks to the interconnection unit of different materials, it is possible to advantageously combine the properties of the materials. Thus, the interconnection unit may advantageously meet the requirements of a fuel cell device, which in particular makes it possible to increase the functionality and / or the lifetime of the fuel cells. According to another feature, the interconnection unit 15 comprises at least a first manganese-based Perovskite layer. This manganese-based Perovskite corresponds in particular to the following general chemical formula: Lai, Srx Ay Mn 1_y03 with 0.05 <x <0.6; 0.05 <y <0.6 and A: Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Nobium (Nb) or Tantalum (Ta). Thus, at least this layer in a reduced atmosphere for example an anode atmosphere has an extremely high electrical conductivity. Preferably, the interconnection unit has at least one second layer made of nickel-based Perovskite. This nickel-based Perovskite responds in particular to the following general chemical formula: La Nix Fei, 03 with 0.05 <x <0.6.
    [0002] This allows a second gas-tight layer to be created, which advantageously increases the gas-tightness of the fuel cell device. In addition, it is advantageous to have a very high conductivity of at least the second layer in a cathodic atmosphere. The combination of the first layer and the second layer to form the interconnection unit makes it possible to advantageously reduce the ohmic losses because both in an anode and in a cathodic atmosphere, the conductivity will be high. According to another feature, the fuel cell unit has at least one cathode layer for forming the cathodes of the two fuel cells, at least one anode layer for forming the anodes for at least two cells. fuel and at least one electrolyte layer to form the electrolytes of the two fuel cells. The cathode layer is in particular a layer of lanthanum-strontium-manganese oxide and / or lanthanum-strontium-scandium-manganese oxide and / or lanthanum-strontium-cobalt-iron oxide and / or lanthanum-nickel-iron oxide. . Preferably, the cathode layer is lanthanum-strontium-manganese oxide, lanthanum-strontium-scandium-manganese oxide or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the material of at least one cathode layer has a perovskite structure. The anode layer may be formed especially of nickel cermet and zirconium oxide stabilized with yttrium or lanthanum-strontium-titanium oxide and / or lanthanum strontium-scandium-manganese oxide. The electrolyte layer may be formed in particular yttrium stabilized zirconium oxide and / or scandium stabilized zirconium oxide. The electrolyte layer is in particular between an anode layer and a cathode layer. The cathode layer forms a cathode for at least two fuel cells. The cathodes of at least the second fuel cell are preferably separated by an electrical conductor and an ionic isolator. The anode layer thus forms an anode for the two fuel cells, these anodes being separated by an electrical and ionic insulator. This advantageously makes it possible to form at least two fuel cells. According to another feature, the two fuel cells of the fuel cell unit are arranged so that a cathode of the first fuel cell at least partially overlaps the anode of the second fuel cell. Advantageously, this results in a compact structure of the fuel cell unit.
    [0003] According to another characteristic, the interconnection unit is in the electrolyte layer of the fuel cell unit. In particular, the interconnection connects a cathode of the first fuel cell with an anode of the second fuel cell. The interconnection unit is housed in the electrolyte layer of the fuel cell unit to separate the electrolyte 3024289 from the first fuel cell including ionic isolation and the electrolyte from the second cell. fuel particularly by ionic isolation, the electrolyte of the second fuel cell. In particular, the interconnection unit is housed in an area of the electrolyte layer in which the cathode of the first fuel cell and the anode of the second fuel cell overlap at least partially. There is thus a fuel cell with surfaces, electrochemical activities advantageously having large dimensions.
    [0004] According to another feature, the first layer of the interconnect unit is rotated toward the anode layer and the second layer of the interconnect unit is rotated toward the cathode layer. An advantageous arrangement of the layers of the interconnection unit is thus achieved, in particular with regard to the orientation of the materials of the interconnection unit inside the fuel cell unit. According to another feature, the fuel cell device comprises at least one support receiving the fuel cell unit. The carrier in the present context is one which supports at least one fuel cell, mechanically and / or to stabilize it. This allows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the fuel cell unit. In particular, since the thickness of the electrolyte layer is reduced, the conductivity of the electrolyte of the two fuel cells and thus their efficiency is improved. The support may in particular have a tubular shape. It may, for example, have an open tube end with a particularly gas-tight attachment segment for securing the carrier to a substrate. The other end of the tube makes it possible to close the support by another securing segment while receiving in particular a gastight cover. The fuel cell unit is in particular installed on the support so that the cathode layer is preferably adjacent to the support. In areas where the fuel cell unit is adjacent to the support body, it is preferably gas permeable and for this it includes, for example, pores and / or orifices for the gas outlet. The support body may in particular be made of one or more ceramic materials and / or vitreous materials. For example, the support will be made of forsterite and / or zirconium dioxide and / or aluminum oxide. This makes it possible to achieve an advantageous mechanical and / or thermal solidity. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a fuel cell device as described above. In particular, in at least one step of the method, at least the interconnection unit and preferably the entire screen-printed fuel cell unit are made. In particular, in at least one other step of the method, the materials of the interconnection unit and / or the fuel cell unit and / or the support can be co-invented. This advantageously allows a simple and / or economical manufacture of the fuel cell device according to the invention.
    [0005] The fuel cell device according to the invention is not limited to the applications and embodiments described above. In particular, to ensure the described operation, the fuel cell device according to the invention comprises a reduced number of component element or unit that differ.
    [0006] The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an example of a fuel cell device according to the invention, shown in the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a schematic section of FIG. a fuel cell device having a fuel cell unit with at least two cells connected in series for a two-layer interconnection unit. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The figure is a schematic sectional view of a fuel cell device 46 which is here only partially represented. The fuel cell device 46 comprises a fuel cell unit 10 formed for example of two fuel cells 12,14 connected in series. This series connection of the two cells 12, 14 is via an interconnection unit 12.
    [0007] The figure shows that the fuel cell unit 10 is in the form of a multilayer system; the fuel cells 12, 14 are practically juxtaposed. The fuel cell unit 10 thus comprises a cathode layer 22, an electrolytic layer 34 and anodic layer 28. The cathodic layer 22 forms the cathodes 24, 26 of the cells 12, 14. The anode layer 28 forms the two anodes 30, 32 of the cells 12,14. The electrolyte layer 34 thus forms electrolytes 36, 38 of the cells 12, 14. The interconnection unit 16 is arranged so that the cathode 24 of the first cell 12 is connected to the anode 32 of the second cell 14 by a series connection. The electrolyte 36 of the first fuel cell 12 is thus isolated by the interconnection unit 16, in particular an ionic isolation of the electrolyte 38 of the second cell 14.
    [0008] The figure further shows that the cathodes 24, 26 of the cells 12, 14 are separated by the zone 42 of electrical and ionic insulation and the anodes 30, 32 of the cells 12, 14 are separated from each other by at least one zone 44 of electrical and ionic insulation. In the embodiment shown, the cathodes 24, 26 and the anodes 30, 32 of the cells 12, 14 are formed by the cathode layer 22 or the anode layer 28 so that the cathode 24 of the first cell 12 and the anode 32 of the second cell 14 overlap partially. In the overlap area, there will be the interconnection unit of the electrolyte layer 34. Alternatively, the overlap of the cathode and the anode can also be eliminated. The figure further shows that the fuel cell device 46 has a carrier 40. The carrier 40 may be formed of one or more ceramic materials and / or vitreous materials. In principle, the support 40 may be a tubular or cylindrical support 30 but it may also be constituted by a plane support. The fuel cell device 46 may thus be in the form of a planar device but also and preferably in the form of a tubular fuel cell. The fuel cell unit 10 may be applied on the inner side or the outer side and yet preferably as shown here on the inner side of the holder 40. The figure shows that the cathodes 24, 26 of the cells 12 , 14 or the cathode layer 22 of the fuel cell unit 10 are adjacent to the support body. The anodes 30, 32 of the cells 12, 14 or the anode layer 28 of the fuel cell unit 10 are open, i.e., freely accessible. The segment of the support 40 adjacent to the cells 12,14 is therefore provided with pores and / or openings for the passage of gases. The interconnection unit 16 is in two layers. A first layer 18 of unit 16 is at least substantially constituted by manganese-based Perovskite. This manganese-based Perovskite has the following general chemical formula Lai, Srx Ay Mni_y 03 with 0.05 <x <0.6; 0.05 <x <0.6 and A = Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Niobium (Nb) or Tantalum (Ta). A second layer of the interconnection unit 16 is formed at least in the nickel-based Perovskite. The nickel-based Perovskite has the following general chemical formula La Nix Fei, 03 with 0.05 <x <0.6. The layers 18, 20 of the interconnection unit 16 are arranged so that the first layer 18 of the interconnection unit 16 is in the direction of the anode layer 28 and the second layer of the unit 20, the first layer 18 which consists mainly of the manganese-based Perovskite gives the interconnection unit 16 and in particular in the anode atmosphere a conductivity. sufficiently high (5 S / cm at 850 ° C). At the same time, the first layer 18 protects the second layer 22 which is underneath and which is essentially formed by nickel-based Perovskite. It is thus protected against the annoying influences created by the anodic atmosphere. The second layer, thanks to the good sintering properties of the nickel-based Perovskite, is advantageously gas-tight, which avoids the escape of fuel gas from the fuel cell device 46. The two-layer structure of the interconnection unit 16 allows to combine positive properties of the manganese-based Perovskite of the first layer 18 and the second layer 20 of Perovskite nickel-based.
    [0009] NAMEEMCLATURE 10 Fuel Cell Unit 12,14, Fuel Cell 5 16 Interconnection Unit 18 First Layer 20 Second Layer 22 Cathode Layer 28 Anode Layer 10 30,32 Anode 34 Electrolyte Layer 36, 38 Electrolyte 46 Fuel cell device 15
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [0001]
    1) A fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell unit (10), composed of at least two fuel cells (12, 14) and an interconnection unit (16), connecting in series the two cells (12, 14) characterized in that the interconnection unit (16) comprises at least two layers (18, 20) of different materials.
    [0002]
    2) fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interconnection unit (16) has at least a first layer (18) formed by manganese-based Perovskite.
    [0003]
    3) fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interconnection unit (16) comprises at least a second layer (20) formed of Pérovskite nickel-based.
    [0004]
    Fuel cell device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell unit (10) has at least one cathode layer (2) which constitutes the cathodes (24, 26) of the two cells. fuel (12,14), an anode layer (28) which constitutes the anodes (30,32) of the two fuel cells (12,14) and an electrolyte layer (34) constituting the electrolytes (36,38). ) of the two fuel cells (12, 14).
    [0005]
    Fuel cell device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the two fuel cells (12, 14) are arranged in the fuel cell unit (10) so that a cathode (24) of a fuel cell (12) partially covers the anode (32) of the other second fuel cell (14). Fuel cell device according to claim 4, characterized in that the interconnection unit (16) is housed in the electrolyte layer (34) of the fuel cell unit (10). . Fuel cell device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least the first layer (18) of the interconnection unit (16) is rotated towards the anode layer (28). and the second layer 20) of the interconnect unit (16) is facing the cathode layer (22). Fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one support body (40) carrying the fuel cell unit (10). 9) A method of producing a fuel cell device (46) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising a fuel cell unit (10) composed of at least two fuel cells ( 12,14) and an interconnection unit (16), connecting in series the two cells (12,14) and having at least two layers (18,20) made of different materials. 25
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    引用文献:
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    US10446855B2|2013-03-15|2019-10-15|Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc.|Fuel cell system including multilayer interconnect|GB201617494D0|2016-10-14|2016-11-30|Coorstek Membrane Sciences As|Process for the manufacture of a solide oxide membrane electrode assembly|
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    法律状态:
    2016-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-07-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-07-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-02-01| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20190201 |
    2020-05-08| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20200327 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014214781.6A|DE102014214781A1|2014-07-28|2014-07-28|fuel cell device|
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